A dual-axis galvanometer scanning mirror serves as the precise steering mechanism for the probe beam in a skin scanning system. It controls the lateral and longitudinal movement of the light, enabling the system to rapidly sweep across the skin surface and convert individual data points into a cohesive structure.
By performing high-speed synchronous scanning, this component transforms one-dimensional detection data into two-dimensional cross-sections (B-scans), which are ultimately stacked to construct a comprehensive three-dimensional data cube of the skin.
The Mechanics of 3D Image Construction
Precision Beam Guidance
The core function of the dual-axis mirror is directional control.
It manages the probe beam's path along two axes—lateral (side-to-side) and longitudinal (lengthwise). This ensures the beam covers the exact area of interest on the skin surface with high fidelity.
Synthesizing the Data Cube
The creation of a 3D image is a cumulative process driven by the mirror's movement.
Initially, the system captures one-dimensional detection data from a single point. As the mirror scans, it stitches these points together to form two-dimensional images, known as B-scans.
Finally, the system aggregates these B-scans to build a complete three-dimensional data cube. This cube represents the full volume of the skin structure, allowing for deep analysis.
Targeted Delivery and Safety
High-Speed Coordinate Adjustment
Beyond simple imaging, the galvanometer mirrors act as an active delivery system.
When specific targets are identified—such as hair follicles—the system provides coordinate feedback. The mirrors receive these signals and adjust their reflection angles at extremely high speeds to lock onto the target.
Protecting Healthy Tissue
This precise control offers a significant safety advantage.
Instead of illuminating the entire skin area with a broad beam, the mirrors direct the laser specifically to the target coordinates. This prevents unnecessary thermal damage to the surrounding healthy epidermal tissue.
Understanding the Operational Requirements
The Necessity of Synchronization
The effectiveness of the system relies entirely on synchronous scanning.
The movement of the mirrors must be perfectly timed with the data acquisition system. Even a slight desynchronization can result in distorted B-scans or an inaccurate 3D data cube.
Mechanical Precision vs. Speed
To achieve real-time adjustments for hair targeting, the mirrors must operate with minimal latency.
This requires high-performance optical components capable of rapid oscillation without mechanical drift. If the mirrors cannot adjust reflection angles fast enough, the protective benefit of targeted delivery is lost.
Making the Right Choice for Your Goal
Whether you are designing for diagnostic imaging or therapeutic application, the galvanometer's role is pivotal.
- If your primary focus is Diagnostic Imaging: Prioritize the synchronization capabilities of the mirror system to ensure 1D data is accurately reconstructed into distortion-free B-scans and 3D cubes.
- If your primary focus is Therapeutic Treatment: Focus on the mirror's response speed to feedback signals, ensuring it can target specific coordinates dynamically to spare healthy tissue.
The dual-axis galvanometer is the bridge that turns a static laser beam into an intelligent, three-dimensional scanning tool.
Summary Table:
| Feature | Function in 3D Skin Scanning | Benefit to Practitioner |
|---|---|---|
| Dual-Axis Control | Manages lateral and longitudinal beam movement | Ensures full coverage of the treatment area |
| Synchronous Scanning | Transforms 1D data into 2D B-scans and 3D cubes | Provides high-resolution volumetric skin analysis |
| Coordinate Feedback | Rapidly adjusts reflection angles to lock on targets | Enables precise targeting of hair follicles/lesions |
| Dynamic Delivery | Concentrates laser energy on specific coordinates | Protects healthy tissue from unnecessary thermal damage |
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References
- Shingo Sakai, Masayuki Matsumoto. Relationship between dermal birefringence and the skin surface roughness of photoaged human skin. DOI: 10.1117/1.3207142
This article is also based on technical information from Belislaser Knowledge Base .
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