The specific function of the 1,064 nm wavelength in picosecond laser systems is to bypass the skin's surface and deliver high-energy pulses directly into the deep dermis. This wavelength penetrates up to 4 millimeters, allowing it to target and break down deep-seated fibrosis and pigmentation in thick scars without damaging the upper layers of the epidermis.
The 1,064 nm wavelength solves the problem of "surface-only" treatment by achieving a critical balance: it penetrates deep enough to remodel rigid scar structures and disrupt deep melanin, yet remains safe enough to spare the skin's surface from thermal injury.
The Mechanics of Deep Tissue Interaction
Achieving Maximum Penetration
The defining characteristic of the 1,064 nm wavelength is its ability to reach depths that shorter wavelengths cannot. By utilizing a longer wavelength, the laser energy can penetrate up to 4mm into the skin.
Targeting the Deep Dermis
Scar tissue often originates well below the surface. This wavelength allows practitioners to deliver energy precisely to the deep dermis, where the root causes of hypertrophic scarring and deep pigmentation are located.
High-Energy Density
To be effective at these depths, the laser utilizes a high-energy deep penetration mode. This density is essential for ensuring that the energy does not dissipate before it reaches the targeted pathological tissues.
Structural Remodeling of Scars
Breaking Down Fibrosis
Deep scars, particularly hypertrophic ones, are composed of rigid, fibrous structures. The 1,064 nm wavelength effectively breaks down these rigid structures, acting as a "chisel" for deep-seated fibrosis.
Improving Skin Compliance
By physically disrupting the dense collagen bundles deep within the scar, the treatment improves the skin's compliance. This results in softer, more pliable tissue that better mimics the mechanics of healthy skin.
Addressing Deep Pigmentation
Beyond texture, this wavelength is highly effective for darkly pigmented scars. It targets melanin located deep in the dermis, shattering the pigment particles so the body can remove them.
Safety and Epidermal Preservation
Bypassing the Epidermis
A critical advantage of the 1,064 nm wavelength is its lower absorption rate by melanin compared to shorter wavelengths (like 532 nm). This allows the beam to pass through the melanin-rich epidermis with minimal risk of surface damage.
Suitability for Darker Skin Tones
Because it spares the surface, this wavelength is particularly suitable for patients with darker skin tones. It reduces the risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, a common side effect when treating scars on higher Fitzpatrick skin types.
Understanding the Trade-offs
Limited Surface Resurfacing
While the 1,064 nm wavelength excels at deep remodeling, it is less effective for treating very superficial textural irregularities. Fine lines or shallow surface roughness may require a shorter wavelength to achieve optimal results.
Requirement for Precision
Because the laser penetrates deeply at high energy, precise targeting is non-negotiable. Mismanagement of energy density at a depth of 4mm requires expert control to ensure the breakdown of scar tissue without affecting healthy deep structures.
Making the Right Choice for Your Goal
When evaluating laser protocols for scar revision, the choice of wavelength dictates the outcome.
- If your primary focus is reducing scar thickness: The 1,064 nm wavelength is essential for penetrating 4mm deep to break down the rigid fibrosis holding the scar's shape.
- If your primary focus is treating scars on dark skin: This wavelength offers the highest safety profile by bypassing surface melanin to treat deep pathology without burning the epidermis.
By selecting the 1,064 nm wavelength, you are prioritizing structural correction at the foundation of the skin over superficial polish.
Summary Table:
| Feature | 1,064 nm Wavelength Capability |
|---|---|
| Max Penetration Depth | Up to 4.0 mm (Deep Dermis) |
| Primary Function | Breaking down rigid fibrosis and deep-seated melanin |
| Safety Profile | Low epidermal absorption; safe for Fitzpatrick IV-VI |
| Best For | Hypertrophic scars, deep pigmentation, and structural remodeling |
| Limitation | Less effective for superficial surface texture issues |
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- Comprehensive Portfolio: From Nd:YAG and Pico Lasers to CO2 Fractional and HIFU systems.
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References
- Kwang Hyeon Ahn, Seung Min Nam. Usefulness of a 1,064 nm Microlens Array-type, Picosecond-dominant Laser for Pigmented Scars with Improvement of Vancouver Scar Scale. DOI: 10.25289/ml.2019.8.1.19
This article is also based on technical information from Belislaser Knowledge Base .
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