The key physical function is targeted thermal destruction via ionic vibration. Radiofrequency (RF) Microneedling devices employ a microneedle array to penetrate the skin and deliver 1 MHz high-frequency radiofrequency waves to a specific, preset depth. This energy forces positive and negative ions within the tissue’s electrolytes to vibrate intensely, generating internal heat between 55-70°C that structurally destroys sweat and sebaceous glands.
By bypassing the skin's surface and generating heat through internal ionic friction, RF Microneedling creates a controlled thermal injury specifically within the sweat glands. This results in the structural destruction of the gland itself, offering a durable antiperspirant effect rather than a temporary blockage.
The Mechanism of Action
The Delivery System
The process begins with a microneedle array penetrating the skin. These needles act as precise conduits, allowing the device to bypass the upper layers of the skin (epidermis) and deliver energy directly to the dermis where sweat glands reside.
Ionic Vibration and Heat Generation
Once the needles reach the preset depth, they emit 1 MHz high-frequency radiofrequency waves. This energy interacts with the electrolytes present in the tissue fluid.
The RF energy causes the positive and negative ions within these electrolytes to vibrate intensely. This rapid oscillation creates friction at the molecular level, which is converted into heat.
The Thermal Threshold
The goal of this vibration is to raise the local tissue temperature to a critical range of 55-70°C. This specific temperature window is required to achieve coagulation and ablation of the glandular tissue.
Structural Destruction
At these elevated temperatures, the physical structure of the sweat and sebaceous glands is thermally destroyed. Because the glands are physically altered, they lose their ability to produce fluid, resulting in the desired reduction in sweating.
Understanding the Precision and Limits
Importance of Depth Control
The efficacy of the treatment relies heavily on precise depth accuracy. The heat must be generated exactly where the glands are located to ensure they are destroyed without causing unnecessary damage to surrounding structures.
Durable vs. Temporary
Unlike topical antiperspirants that plug sweat ducts, this method causes permanent structural change. The thermal destruction provides a durable solution because the treated glands do not regenerate their function in the same capacity.
Evaluating the Clinical Approach
To determine if this mechanism aligns with your treatment goals, consider the following distinctions:
- If your primary focus is long-term results: The structural thermal destruction of the glands offers a durable reduction in sweating rather than a temporary fix.
- If your primary focus is safety and precision: The device's ability to limit heat generation to a preset depth protects the skin's surface while effectively targeting the underlying problem.
By leveraging ionic vibration to generate precise thermal damage, RF Microneedling treats the root anatomical cause of hyperhidrosis.
Summary Table:
| Feature | Mechanism Detail |
|---|---|
| Energy Type | 1 MHz High-Frequency Radiofrequency |
| Primary Function | Ionic vibration & internal friction heating |
| Target Temperature | 55-70°C (Coagulation threshold) |
| Depth Control | Preset needle penetration to the dermis |
| Clinical Result | Permanent structural destruction of sweat glands |
| Recovery | Minimal downtime due to epidermal bypassing |
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References
- Jakub Sazanów-Lubelski, Natalia Noga. Hyperhidrosis – pathogenesis and treatment methods. DOI: 10.5114/dr.2018.78073
This article is also based on technical information from Belislaser Knowledge Base .
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