Skin compression improves light energy delivery by mechanically altering the tissue environment to create a clearer, shorter optical path for the laser or light beam. By applying pressure with the treatment head, the operator actively reduces obstacles within the skin and brings deep targets closer to the surface.
Compression is a functional necessity for maximizing efficiency. By expelling competing chromophores and thinning the tissue, it increases the efficiency of effective light beam penetration by approximately 15%.
Reducing Competitive Absorption
The Problem of Oxyhemoglobin
Blood vessels contain oxyhemoglobin, a "chromophore" that naturally absorbs light energy. In many aesthetic treatments, this absorption is undesirable because it intercepts energy meant for a different target, such as a hair follicle.
Expelling the Blood
Applying firm compression expels blood from the vessels directly beneath the treatment head.
By temporarily emptying these vessels, you remove the oxyhemoglobin that would otherwise compete for the light energy. This allows a greater percentage of the emitted energy to bypass the blood and reach the intended structure.
Optimizing Tissue Geometry
Physical Skin Thinning
Human skin is pliable; applying pressure physically compresses the tissue layers.
This "thinning" effect reduces the vertical distance the light must travel through the epidermis and dermis.
Bringing Targets Closer
As the tissue compresses, deep targets—specifically structures like hair follicle roots—are mechanically moved closer to the surface of the skin.
This proximity allows the light source to act more directly on the target, reducing the scattering and attenuation that naturally occurs as light travels through tissue.
Quantifying the Efficiency Gain
The 15% Efficiency Boost
The combination of reducing blood absorption and shortening the optical path yields measurable results.
Data indicates that these mechanical changes increase the efficiency of effective light beam penetration by approximately 15%. This allows for more concentrated energy delivery without necessarily increasing the device's power output.
Operational Considerations
The Requirement of Consistency
To realize the 15% efficiency gain, the compression applied must be consistent across the entire treatment area.
Technique sensitivity
If pressure is applied unevenly, the effective dose of energy reaching the target will fluctuate. This can result in "hot spots" where the tissue is compressed and "cold spots" where it is not, leading to uneven clinical outcomes.
Making the Right Choice for Your Goal
Understanding the physics of compression allows you to optimize treatment technique.
- If your primary focus is Treatment Depth: Firm compression is essential to thin the tissue and bring deep roots closer to the energy source.
- If your primary focus is Energy Efficiency: Utilize compression to ensure you are not wasting energy on competitive absorption by blood vessels.
Correct physical application of the handpiece is just as critical to the clinical outcome as the energy settings on the display screen.
Summary Table:
| Mechanism | Action Taken | Clinical Benefit |
|---|---|---|
| Blood Displacement | Expels oxyhemoglobin from vessels | Reduces competitive energy absorption |
| Tissue Thinning | Physically compresses skin layers | Shortens the distance light must travel |
| Target Proximity | Moves hair follicles closer to surface | Minimizes light scattering and attenuation |
| Efficiency Boost | Optimizes tissue geometry | Increases light beam penetration by ~15% |
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References
- Caerwyn Ash, Tim Bashford. Effect of wavelength and beam width on penetration in light-tissue interaction using computational methods. DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2317-4
This article is also based on technical information from Belislaser Knowledge Base .
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